WANG Peng LUO Siju

(№.2,2013)

Abstract: Transformation of polity model was an important content of reforming the Soviet political system in the period of Gorbachev’s governance. In June of 1988, the nineteenth Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union decided to restore Lenin’s “all the power belongs to the Soviet” as the objective choice of it’s political system reform. A margin election of the people’s representatives was successively carried out at the central and local levels in 1989 and 1990, and hence opening the prologue to the reform of the Soviet Union’s political system，and starting the process of the Soviet Union’s party-state polity transformation, in order to establish a plenipotentiary model of the Soviet political power. In this process, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union gradually gave up the leading power over state and society，the people’s representatives at all the levels could not effectively reorganize the state and achieve the state integration so that the state faced a risk of collapse. Gorbachev tried to rebuild a state authority and power center through establishing a presidential system and federal system, resulting in encouraging the local separation and state collapse.

Key words: all the power belongs to the Soviet; state crisis; presidential system; federal system; Soviet Union Collapse