HOU Aijun

(№.3,2013)

Abstract: From the 50s to the 70s of the 19th century, a lot of Caucasian mountaineers moved to Turkey. There are three kinds of circumstances among it: first, the Russian army forced them to emigrate; second, the Russian government organized them to emigrate after asking for their agreement; third, the mountaineers emigrated spontaneously, but the last two circumstances are also what they had to do under the high-handed policy of the Russian army and government. Russia and Turkey gained benefits from their emigration, but the mountaineers suffered a lot. Emigrating Caucasian tribes accumulated some experience for the Soviet Union to resolve domestic problems and became a part of its political culture. At present, the topic of Caucasian emigration has been highly politicized. Each uses this topic to attain his own goal.

Key words: Russia; Caucasian mountaineer; emigration; Turkey